Development of a Scalable and Low Cost Electrical Impedance Tomography Equipment for Educational Use
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive technique used to monitor the distribution of pulmonary ventilation. Through electrodes fixed to the patient's chest, the equipment provides the medical team with information about the patient's lung structure in real time, with the advantage of being able to be used for long periods.
The objective of this project was to develop modular EIT equipment with low financial cost using commonly used and commercially viable equipment and electronic components.
Carrying out research on EIT equipment architectures made it possible to build an initial view of the basic structure of the equipment. Each module developed in this project was simulated and subjected to functional tests to later develop printed circuit boards for equipment integration. With the integration of all designed modules, it was possible to carry out performance tests on the functioning of the EIT equipment.
The test results showed the correct functioning of the features and functions designed for the equipment. The prototype built allows it to be used at 4 different frequencies - 200kHz, 125kHz, 100kHz and 50kHz -, allowing the addition of other frequencies in the future without changing the hardware. The equipment, during its operation, offers the possibility of changes to the initially defined parameters, without the need to interrupt data collection. It is possible to change several parameters, such as the frequency of the sinusoid used, the number of sampled points used in demodulation, and the change in the current injection pattern of the electrodes. During the tests, the tomography equipment was used in conjunction with a user interface already available in the laboratory, which was able to generate images in real time at a rate of approximately 9 frames per second.