Due to their high proliferative potential and differentiation capacity, mesenchymal stem cells have been widely studied in the applicability of cell therapy in conjunction with biomedical engineering, for example, in the repair of articular cartilage tissue. Among the various sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, tooth pulp has been an option of choice in tissue engineering due to the easy process of obtaining cells and the high expansion capacity. Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary area whose pillar is three components: cells, biocompatible scaffolds and inducing factors. Protocols were established and followed to direct cell differentiation in the chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, thus guaranteeing their potential for differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from deciduous and adult third molar teeth. Cell characterization was carried out by monitoring the morphological analysis by means of light microscopy without phase contrast, flow cytometry labeling, with CD90, CD44 and CD73 antibodies, in addition to negative control, growth curves were also applied . Mesenchymal stem cells were obtained by processing primary and permanent third molar tooth pulp. The results obtained resulted in adhesion to the plastic and good proliferative capacity, with greater cell proliferation in cells from deciduous teeth, the morphological analysis of both followed the expected patterns of cells in a more elongated shape, such as fibroblasts.