Spectral Decay Analysis of Subthalamic Local Field Potentials in Parkinson's Disease Patients
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that affects the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, causing a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms. One of the main forms of treatment for the disease is deep brain stimulation (DBS) neurosurgery, which has been widely used to alleviate the motor symptoms of the disease. The advancement of stimulation protocols for DBS neurosurgery has enabled the electrophysiological monitoring of deep brain structures related to PD, particularly the basal ganglia structures such as the subthalamic nucleus (STN). The present study aims to characterize the electrophysiological signals of PD patients using classical methods of power spectral density (PSD) analysis and unconventional methods for motor disorders, such as spectral decomposition. The main objective is to identify potential biomarkers of PD and provide important insights into the mechanisms of the disease, allowing for a more precise adjustment of treatments to the individual needs of PD patients and closer to their daily routines. The results obtained demonstrate that, although there are differences in signal attributes between resting and movement states in both classical analysis and spectral decomposition, they occur in different beta band ranges depending on the analysis method, and they may also have distinct interpretations from an electrophysiological perspective. These findings have significant implications for the development of more effective clinical protocols tailored to the specific characteristics of PD, aiming to improve the quality of life of patients. This work is a collaboration between the Neurosurgery group at Santa Marcelina Hospital and the Signal Processing group at UFABC.