Construction of an anatomical atlas for Electrical Impedance Tomography in the assessment of brain hemodynamics
Electrical impedance tomography has attracted the interest of researchers in the medical field due to its advantages when compared with other image techniques, such as its lower cost, its portability, and the absence of damage associated with its use. These characteristics could be beneficial, for example, for the diagnosis and the differentiation of stroke types, allowing an earlier administration of adequate treatment than what occurs nowadays. However, in the case of the head, advances are still needed to make it possible to obtain results with enough quality for clinical use. In this work, the objective was to calculate and to evaluate a 3D anatomical atlas of the human head for use in the regularization of the electrical impedance tomography image reconstruction algorithm. To calculate the atlas, 50 magnetic resonance images of the head of healthy subjects were normalized, segmented, and converted to resistivity images. We evaluated the effect of its use with computational simulations using a model of the human head with the occurrence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The obtained results showed that, for both types of stroke, the use of the atlas resulted in images with a smaller error, therefore they are initial evidence that its use can lead to the obtaining of electrical impedance tomography images of the head of better quality.