EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF DEMAND RESPONSE IN MINIMIZING OPERATING COSTS IN ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS WITH STRONG PENETRATION OF INTERMITTENT SOURCES
The increasing penetration of renewable sources such as hydro, wind, and solar in electrical systems has profoundly transformed the dynamics of the sector. The transition to a cleaner and more sustainable energy matrix has driven the adoption of renewable generation, providing significant environmental benefits. However, the inherent intermittency of these energy sources, due to uncertainties associated with water inflows, winds, and solar irradiation, introduces considerable challenges in the operation and planning of the electrical system. In this context, demand response emerges as a promising solution to address the fluctuations in renewable generation and maintain system stability and reliability. Demand response refers to the ability of consumers to adjust their energy consumption based on generation conditions and electricity prices. As the share of renewable sources increases, demand response becomes even more crucial in ensuring the continuity of electricity supply. This doctoral thesis aims to investigate and analyze demand response in electrical systems with a high penetration of renewable sources, considering the uncertainties of these resources. An optimization model implemented in AMPL was proposed in this work, considering standard IEEE power system network scenarios, and the impact on the system's operating cost was evaluated.