Characterization of bull sperm motility using optical tweezers
The investigation of spermatozoa has been a major focus of clinical research in the last decade. Frequent topics in motility stem from the swimming forces, the velocity, movements with and without hyperactivity, chemotaxis among others. The motility is a valuable marker of spermatozoa health and a fundamental parameter to characterize the quality of spermatozoa in each species. The optical tweezers can trap and analyze the motility of individual spermatozoa, traps one of the millions of spermatozoids inside a sample with no other comparable technique. In general, optical trapping can confine, separate, orient, and precisely manipulate single cells in controlled environments with no mechanical contact and reduced of optical damage. The technique for freezing and thawing of spermatozoa is an excellent method for the conservation and manipulation of sperm, studies show that there is no significant effect on the escape force and mobility of sperm from these procedures. The fusion of this technique with microfluidics have blended into a symbiotic relationship to achieve ever more complex application. The objective of this investigation is to characterize the sperm motility of bulls with an optical tweezer in a microfluidic channel. Swimming force will determined, this will be achieved with a suitable configuration of optical trapping with an infrared laser diode. We reviewed the literature on a bibliographical timeline that helped us to find the discoveries, advances, contributions, and gaps in the topic of interest. This investigation will be contributing to the measurement and verification of motility for the classification of spermatozoa for the academic investigations as well as for the industrial applications.