Evaluation and proposals of novel techniques for the LoRaWAN protocol
The Internet of Thing growth depends and stimulate the development of many areas, such as protocol and communication techniques responsibles for connect objects to the Internet. There are some proposals to connect devices, that could be legacy ones as WiFi or new ones like the Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs). The presented work will show the general concept of LPWAN with its characteristics and limitations, focused on the Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) technology. The LoRaWAN is a dada layer comunication protocol developed by LoRa Alliance that uses Long Range (LoRa) as physiucal layer. The LoRa technique is a modulation based on Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) developed by Semtech company. The main features of LoRaWAN is the large coverage area reaching dozend of kilometers in rural areas, the low complexity and the devices low power consumption. Even though the robusteness of the protocol is possible to identify some characteristics that could be improved, like the coverage area expansion for areas with a lot of obstacles as mountain or urban areas and indoor aplications. The present work introduces a proposal to use relay nodes to improve the coverage area and connect remote end-devices. The work also present an analysis of Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) mechanism and a proposal to improve de ADR to mobile nodes and end-devices that have a deterioration in transmission channel.