CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PLANNING AND OPERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS CONSIDERING BATTERY STORAGE SYSTEMS AND RENEWABLE SOURCES
The substantial increment of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in modern distribution grids is replacing a relevant portion of Conventional Generation (CG), which poses new challenges in the planning and operation of distribution grids. Numerous studies considered the operation of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) with coordination of RES such as Photovoltaic Energy (PV) and/or Wind Generation (WG). A Multi-period Optimal Power Flow (MOPF) is a non-linear, non-convex, large-scale problem involving discrete (places) and continuous variables (operation of the system and the BESS). These characteristics make it difficult to address the planning and operation using either approximate or exact methods. In this sense, this thesis proposes a modeling of the problem considering PV, wind WG, and CG in distribution networks. As a result, three proposals were presented: (a) An MOPF model for the optimal operation of BESS with PV, WG, and CG over a 24-hour horizon, considering the operation of the BESS with a power factor different from one; (b) An MOPF model for the optimal allocation and operation of BESS, operating with a unit power factor, with PV over a 168-hour horizon; and (c) A hybrid algorithm to minimize active power losses, considering BESS operating with a power factor different from one and high penetration of PV generators, aimed at both operation and planning. The algorithms were implemented in AMPL and solved with the Knitro solver to reduce active power losses. The tests, conducted on 33-bus and 141-bus networks (Caracas), showed that in the 141-bus system (paper 1), the coordination of RES and BESS reduced losses by up to 77% (3.7928 MWh). In the 33-bus network study (paper 2), the allocation of 3 BESS with weekly operation resulted in a savings of 1 MWh. In the 33-bus system (paper 3), there was a reduction of 42.19% (2.1811 MWh) in active power losses, considering BESS and RES.