PROFILE OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURE SCIENCES TEACHERS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL - FINAL YEARS AND HIGH SCHOOL OF THE GRANDE ABC PAULISTA REGION
The Brazilian teaching staff has undergone successive and deep transformations over the years. Such transformations had a direct impact on the constitution of this social group in the most different aspects and the official statistics reports disparities between the characteristics of teachers in different regions of the country and educational stages. The search for the answer to the question “who is the basic education teacher in Brazil?” has given rise, in the academic environment, to a series of researches that seek to identify some of these characteristics. Considering the creation of the Universidade Federal do ABC, in 2005, and its offering of teacher training courses at undergraduate and graduate levels, especially in the area of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, this research seeks to understand who the teacher of the Middle School and High School in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, including the disciplines of Science, Physics, Chemistry and Biology, in the Greater ABC Paulista Region. This research, of mixed character, used the Concomitant Incorporated Strategy. In the quantitative stage, it selected, coded and tabulated the data from the 2019 School Census of Basic Education, carried out by the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP) that made up the profile of teachers in terms of age, sex and race, in addition to the data about minimum training, degree in the area of expertise, type of higher institution where you completed your training and whether or not you have some type of postgraduate degree. The qualitative stage, guided by Content Analysis, brought together scientific research that investigated clippings similar to those of this research in order to observe some similarities and differences between the data sets, in addition to tracing qualitative characteristics of the teaching profile in the composition of their professional identity, complementing the analysis of quantitative data. It was possible to observe that the teacher in the cities of the region is predominantly white, female (with the exception of Physics), is between 42 and 47 years old, has higher education, with a very unequal distribution in terms of degree in the area in which he works and approximately 1 in 3 have some type of postgraduate degree, mainly specialization. Such data are compatible with the cuts observed in other studies.