Financialization of Agricultural Commodity and Capitalist Accumulation: The Case of West Africa
This doctoral thesis examines the financialization of agricultural commodities and Capitalist Accumulation, specifically in two West African countries – Ghana and Guinea-Bissau. In the 1970s and 1980s, many developing countries, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa, received financialization for agricultural commodities, given the gain of the neoliberal globalization strategy of development, where capitalism would have entered a new phase of expansion of capital accumulation in countries, especially the peripherals. Therefore, it is a study of contemporary capitalism, since the transformation of money into capital emerges as a system that produces poverty and inequalities on a global scale, and without forgetting the historical expansion of titles on the fictitious appreciation of capital. The relationship between financialization and neocolonialism, imperialism, uneven development, dependency, primitive capital accumulation, land markets, agrarian and gender issues is emphasized. However, it is intended to compare the valuation of agricultural commodities, contrasting them with the practice of Financialization and Capitalist Accumulation in Ghana and Guinea-Bissau. In Ghana and Guinea-Bissau, the study of commodity - rice is assumed, and aims to analyze the macro-regional experience with regard to production, trade and transformation for both. The specific focus is the transformation of agriculture in the neoliberal period, but with special attention in 20 years (2000 to 2020), since the 2008 crisis weighs on economic and social relations, especially with the substantial increase in commodity prices. The case study was chosen for investigation, with the procedure of bibliographic review and document analysis, as the approach embargoes the qualitative and quantitative analysis. By way of (partial) conclusion of the work, it allowed/will analyze the economic, political and social relations reproduced in the last decades by both peripheral countries, notably in the sphere of capital circulation and the performance of multinational companies, placed in necessary conditions of accumulation and, that in this period poverty and inequalities were increased by the strategy of subordination of dependent capital.