INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND ACCESS TO VACCINES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
The COVID-19 pandemic has proved to be the greatest global health challenge in our recent history. Throughout history, other diseases have affected our societies and caused profound transformations, altering social, demographic, and epidemiological dynamics. Even in a complex and challenging situation, world society, through the technological advances of recent decades and doing an articulation in favor of combating the COVID-19 virus, managed to reduce the impacts of the disease and, subsequently, fight it. The development of vaccines was crucial in this context and the TRIPS Agreement, which establishes, through the WTO, minimum standards of protection for all technological fields, including the pharmaceutical sector, played an important role. The hypothesis of this work is that through the international intellectual property regime, the pharmaceutical industry increasingly seeks to protect its compounds and drugs in order to ensure greater profitability and, thus, increase its political and economic influence. This dynamic creates profound disparities between countries, causing huge impacts in terms of access to medicines, vaccines, and their supplies, especially in humanitarian emergencies, such as the one experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this sense, the objective is to understand the consequences of the intellectual property regime regarding access to vaccines and their inputs by countries in the Global South during the COVID-19 pandemic.