LANDSCAPE AND TERRITORY IN THE MACROMETROPOLE OF SÃO PAULO: REVEALING THE METROPOLITAN RURAL
The research is about the metropolitan rural, a term used to designate rural spaces in highly urbanized city-regions. The study object is the São Paulo Macrometropolis (MMP), which comprises the Metropolitan Regions of São Paulo, Sorocaba, Campinas, Baixada Santista and Vale do Paraíba, Piracicaba and Jundiaí and the Bragantina Regional Unit. Recognizing and challenging the apparent contradiction between the words rural and metropolitan, it is intended to reveal the diversity and heterogeneity of these spaces that are so important for the provision of ecosystem services, in particular water production, climate regulation, food production, as well as those related to protection. biodiversity and cultural and environmental heritage. Bringing these spaces to light, rescuing them from their almost invisibility to public policies and instruments of territorial planning and management, is important especially in the current context of climate change, where such spaces become increasingly fundamental for the survival of metropolises. . Assuming the new rural paradigm as a premise, a multiscale perspective will be adopted in which, alongside a characterization of the rural territory of the MMP as a whole, a landscape analysis will be carried out, with emphasis on the integrated cultural landscape, from three chosen spatial clippings, in order to identify and analyze the values and perceptions of the different social actors present. By integrating these two scales, it is expected to expand knowledge about rural spaces in the macro-metropolis and produce analyzes capable of contributing to the construction of public policies for the rural metropolitan area. The methodology was built based on the bibliographic review, on the analysis of data generated by the Territorial Planning Laboratory (LAPLAN) of UFABC, in the context of the MACROAMB project - "Environmental Governance of the Macrometropolis of São Paulo in the face of climate variability", to be complemented by documentary research and in the field, and in the application of interviews prepared according to its own tools for analyzing the landscape, especially its valuation, perception and sense of belonging, by those who live and work in the rural spaces of the MMP. The landscape, analyzed together with the territory, adds to it the dimension of lived experience, affection and belonging - also important for the construction of endogenous public policies - that is, that make sense for the social actors that build the metropolitan rural.