Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: GUILLERMO LEONARDO FLOREZ MONTERO
Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.STUDENT : GUILLERMO LEONARDO FLOREZ MONTERO
DATE: 14/12/2023
TIME: 10:00
LOCAL: https://conferenciaweb.rnp.br/webconf/simone-44
TITLE:
Land use changes as promoters of biotic homogenization in fruit bat assemblages
PAGES: 50
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Ecologia
SUMMARY:
The transformation of natural areas for agricultural production and urban expansion are the two main causes of global biodiversity loss. These transformations put pressure on species that can lead to a reduction in populations and local extinction. Very intense disturbances can cause Biotic Homogenization, of communities, which is the replacement of specialist species sensitive to habitat loss, with generalist and generally introduced species (homogenizers), generating impoverished and functionally redundant communities. However, when there is no introduction of exotic species, some indigenous species can become homogenizing when successful in anthropic environments. The central objective of this thesis aims to understand how agricultural and urban expansion can lead
to distinct forms of biotic homogenization through the coupling between selective pressures and the functional traits of bat species, generating communities with different patterns of diversity, structure and different homogenizers.
Chapter 1 deals with NeoBat Interactions, a database on bat-plant interactions in the Neotropical region. NeoBat interactions comprises 2571 records of Nectarivoria and Frugivoria type interactions, between 93 species of bats from the Phyllostomidae family and 501 plant species from 68 families across
the Neotropic. The Database has undergone a curation and taxonomic review process and offers georeferencing data, vegetation, abiotic factors and ecological characteristics of plants and bats, which make it useful for analyzing biogeographic patterns of interactions, analysis of ecological networks and functional aspects and the diet of bats. Chapter 2 aims to understand how areas with different landscape compositions (agricultural and urban) produce different patterns of communities related to biotic homogenization. To do this, we created a database on fruit bat communities with species abundance data. These communities were classified based on landscape structure using unsupervised Machine Learning techniques on land cover and use data in these areas. Subsequently, we compared the diversity, dominance and similarity of communities with control areas (the areas of the same biome with the greatest coverage by natural vegetation). We discovered that assemblages that undergo similar environmental filtering maintain the same pattern of low diversity, hyperdominance of one or two species (homogenizers) and high similarity between them regardless of geographic distance. This result points to the existence of an ecological signature of urbanization and agricultural expansion on frugivorous communities, which is nothing more than the set of characteristics that are selected by these environments. Understanding these ecological signatures can serve as a basis for managing impoverished ecosystems and even planning land use areas.
COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - Interno ao Programa - 1658925 - SIMONE RODRIGUES DE FREITAS
Membro Titular - Examinador(a) Externo ao Programa - 1662011 - ANDRE ETEROVIC
Membro Titular - Examinador(a) Externo à Instituição - FÁBIO ZANELLA FARNEDA
Membro Suplente - Examinador(a) Interno ao Programa - 2887832 - ANSELMO NOGUEIRA
Membro Suplente - Examinador(a) Externo ao Programa - 1762355 - MARCIO DE SOUZA WERNECK