Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: JULIO HENRIQUE GARCIA DA SILVA

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : JULIO HENRIQUE GARCIA DA SILVA
DATA : 18/07/2022
HORA: 10:00
LOCAL: https://conferenciaweb.rnp.br/webconf/gustavo-349
TÍTULO:

After all, are ascidians palatable or not? A systematic review about the predation effect on ascidians

PÁGINAS: 52
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Biológicas
ÁREA: Ecologia
SUBÁREA: Ecologia de Ecossistemas
RESUMO:

Predation is an interaction that shapes biological populations and communities. In marine environments, different predators control the populations of sessile organisms, affecting their abundance, dominance, or diversity. Otherwise, prey have several strategies to minimize the effects of predation, and thus survive. Ascidians (Phylum Chordata, Class Ascidiacea) are examples of animals that have adopted many strategies to survive predation and dominate the communities where they are inserted. Among the 3000 ascidian species described, chemical and physical defenses, or even coloniality are used as a strategy to escape predation temporally or spatially. Several studies evidence the unpalatability of ascidians, mainly through chemical defenses in palatability experiments carried out using pellets or pieces of animals. However, predation exclusion experiments carried out in the field show that when exposed to predation, ascidians are almost entirely preyed upon by many predators. Based on these very contrasting results, we performed a Meta-analysis using the Web of Science and Scopus databases, aiming to understand better and identify the factors regulating the anti-predation defensive systems in ascidians. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of the defenses of ascidians depends on the type of experiment performed, the identity of predators, and the location where the experiment was conducted, laboratory or field. However, ascidians defenses are little influenced by latitude, and they are independent of sociality. Few species have effective strategies against predators, and their success depends on the types of predators. The place where the work was carried out and the type of experiment greatly influenced the effectiveness of the defense of ascidians, therefore, the studies that used pieces of animals in natura and in the field showed more frequently the defenses of ascidians than those carried out with chemical extracts under laboratory conditions, or those field works in the community. There is a lack of experiments done in the field that evaluate the predation of ascidians in communities of natural or even artificial substrate.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - Interno ao Programa - 1768895 - GUSTAVO MUNIZ DIAS
Membro Titular - Examinador(a) Externo à Instituição - FEDERICO DAVID BROWN ALMEIDA - USP
Membro Titular - Examinador(a) Externo à Instituição - ALEXANDRE VARASCHIN PALAORO
Membro Suplente - Examinador(a) Interno ao Programa - 1762351 - NATALIA PIRANI GHILARDI LOPES
Membro Suplente - Examinador(a) Externo à Instituição - TITO MONTEIRO DA CRUZ LOTUFO - USP