CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF TWO POPULATIONS OF CAPUCHIN MONKEYS OF THE SPECIES Sapajus xanthosternos E Sapajus libidinosus
Sapajus capuchin monkeys, as well as the other neotropical monkeys are important flagship species for the most endangered Brazilian phytogeographic domains, for example the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado. Sapajus xanthosternos and Sapajus libidinosus have suffered the impacts of habitat loss, hunting, and pet trade. In this study, we estimated the genetic variability of two capuchin monkey population: one of Sapajus xanthosternos, found in Reserva Biológica de Una (BA) in the Atlantic Forest, and one of Sapajus libidinosus, found in Boa Vista private farm located in Gilbués (PI) in a zone of ecotone between Caatinga and Cerrado. Fecal samples previously collected were genotyped for eight microsatellite loci. Based on these genotypes, diversity indicators (number of alleles, allelic richness, expected and observed heterozygosities) and the inbreeding coefficient were caculated. There was no significant difference in the genetic diversity between populations. The results could be explained by any combination or following factors alone: a) the possible existence of gene flow between the studied populations and any neighbor populations, which is promoting the maintenance of genetic diversity and inbreeding avoidance; b) the long generation time prevent the impacts to be represented in the loss of genetic diversity; c) the reduced number of markers used was not able to detect the genetic diversity loss. Therefore, it is of extreme importance that long term genetic monitoring studies be conducted for those species.