Application of graphene oxide in the dispersive solid phase microextraction aiming the preconcentration in liquid samples
Separation and preconcentration procedures are often required for the elimination of interferents, increased sensitivity and improvement detection limits. Such procedures include the dispersive microextraction solid phase (D-m-SPE), based on the efficient introduction of a reduced amount of solid phase to a liquid sample, thus presenting low reagent and sample consumption. Graphene oxide, due to its large surface area, among other desirable characteristics, has found application in the extraction of metals. The present work has as main objective the use of D-m-SPE in the development of an analytical method for the determination of metals such as Ca, Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ti, Cd, Ni and Cr, present in liquid samples. The specific objective are: (i) to propose the use of graphene oxide as a solid phase and (ii) to explore the advantages of D-m-SPE combined with the detection of metals by analytical techniques that allow the direct analysis of solids.