Studies on photosensitizer photophysic processes and energy transfer in view of photodynamic therapy: a first principles approach
In order to unravel the photophysical and energy transfer processes of potential photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy, a theoretical study of pyranoflavylium was carried out through computer simulations. For this, the density functional theory was used to optimize the molecular geometry of the ground and excited states, obtain electronic absorption spectra and electronic transitions. Different density functionals were used and a comparative evaluation was carried out to examine the performance of these methods both in gaseous phase and in acetonitrile and isopropanol. The photophysical properties were systematically analyzed and provided evidence that the molecules studied have enough energy to generate reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, it was found that the dihedral angles between the central part of the molecule and the torsion-free rings directly influence the properties of the studied electronic states. The luminescence properties were also calculated and compared with experimental data in order to assess the accuracy of the methods employed. These results will support the studies to elucidate non-radiative processes, necessary to verify the applicability of these molecules in photodynamic therapy.