PDFNoteTrack: A Tool for Tracking Student Engagement in Text Reading Activities in the Moodle Environment
The lack of student engagement is a common problem in both face-to-face and technology-mediated education. Research indicates that the lack of engagement in online education is due to factors such as inadequate planning, unstimulating instructional materials, and pedagogical approaches, among others. There are numerous consequences of a lack of engagement, including academic failure, dropout rates, and low learning outcomes. Measuring student engagement is not a straightforward task, and several studies show the use of data collected by observers or reported by experiment participants. Indeed, there appears to be a lack of research reporting the measurement of engagement levels in virtual learning environments automatically, i.e., in a less intrusive manner. With this motivation and problem statement, the following research question was formulated: How can we measure students' engagement levels in text reading activities in courses conducted through a Virtual Learning Environment? In this context, this work aims to introduce the PDFNoteTrack tool developed to measure student engagement in text reading activities within the Moodle environment. An experiment was conducted with PDFNoteTrack in a distance learning course involving 69 students, authorized by the Research Ethics Committee of UFABC. In addition to interaction data with the tool, the experiment collected responses from participants through three questionnaires, one of which was the System Usability Scale.