The effect of different Tai Chi Chuan class models (virtual, hybrid and in-person) on neuropsychiatric aspects of aging
Aging is a natural process in the life cycle, continuously active and irreversible, which makes the organism more vulnerable to environmental aggressions. A tool to mitigate the losses resulting from aging and provide a reserve of functional capabilities are physical activities. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether different types of Tai Chi Chuan practice would provide a reduction in symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression, in addition, their effects on cognition, perceived quality of sleep and perception of time in elderly women. To this end, 53 volunteers with an average age of 65 years (+/- 3) were recruited from leisure and sports centers in the city of São Bernardo do Campo. The intervention period was 4 months, participants were evaluated pre- and post-intervention. The interventions were based on the Tai Chi Pai Lin style, consisting of an initial warm-up period, then the practice of QI Gong and Tau lo, ending with meditation and self-massage. The tests used were semantic verbal fluency test, frontal assessment battery, temporal bisection test, DASS-21 and Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Jamovi 2.2.5 program. Most of the results found were not statistically relevant, the hybrid group was the one that showed the greatest differences in the Pittsburgh test (p=0.058) and temporal bisection (p=0.016). In the correlation analysis, a moderate positive correlation was observed between DASS-21 and PSQI. It was not possible to conclude whether the practice of Tai Chi Chuan in different modalities would bring different results to the groups studied. The hybrid modality was the one that showed the greatest variations in test results, possibly due to the greater training volume. Regarding time perception, a greater volume of practice demonstrated greater accuracy and precision.