Processing of Interlinguistic Homographs in unbalanced and late multilinguals: an investigation on the role of proficiency and language use frequency in lexical access
The present study investigates the influence of the variables inhibitory control, proficiency and frequency of use of the native language (L1) and of an additional language (L3) on the lexical access of a foreign language (L2) in bilinguals and multilinguals. This study was divided into two steps: (1) construction and validation of two stimulus lists containing English-German and English-Portuguese interlinguistic homographs and (2) application of the Simon test (inhibition), semantic judgment (lexical access), Leipzig vocabulary test (proficiency) and the language history questionnaire LHQ 3.0 (frequency of use). In the first step, we applied a Likert scale in 32 Portuguese-English bilingual individuals who judged the semantic association between pairs of English words containing homographs and non-homographs, associated or non-semantically associated with an aim word. In our results, we obtained two stimulus lists: 138-word pairs in list 1 with 46 English-German homographs and 120-word pairs in list 2 with 40 English-Portuguese homographs. In the second step 2, we used the lists constructed in the first step in a semantic judgment task with English as the target language (participant’s L2) in a N=4 sample, qualitatively analyzing the descriptive data regarding the variables reaction time and accuracy. Our preliminary results point to an influence of L1 and L3 on task performance in L2. Apparently, the level of inhibitory control and proficiency in the target language influenced the direction of the results.