Dark matter in the scale-invariant 3311 model
The flavour puzzle, the neutrino mass, the hierarchy problem, and the nature of dark
matter are among the prominent problems in particle physics. We propose a scale-invariant
model with the 3-3-1-1 gauge symmetry that features universal seesaw for all fermion
masses. The discrete remnant of the gauge group, the matter parity, stabilizes a fermionic
dark matter candidate. The scalar sector contains two triplets, the minimum number to
break the 3-3-1 symmetry, and two scalar singlets.
With the help of additional vector-like quarks, the universal implementation of the seesaw mechanism across all fermion sectors provides a partial explanation for the observed
hierarchy of masses for charged leptons, neutrinos, and quarks.
We identify the lightest matter-parity-odd fermion, fd, as a viable dark matter candidate. This
fermion satisfies the relic density constraint and the spin-independent constraints within
the mass range from 160 GeV to 520 GeV. This range depends on the symmetry-breaking
scale vχ with a lower bound of 3.6 TeV due to LEP bounds on the ρ0 parameter. Spin-
independent scattering cross-sections for fd comform with experimental limits from the experiments LZ and
PandaX-4T, with some regions of the parameter space nearing the sensitivity of upcom-
ing experiments, such as XLZD and PandaX-xT, which offers promising opportunities for
detection.