Optimization via metamodelling of panels subjected to impact loadings.
The present work aims to study the impact performance of materials through numerical analysis, design experiments, metamodeling and multi-objective optimization where panel models with maximum energy absorption capacity and minimum areal density are sought. Firstly, numerical evaluations of materials are carried out, one of them based on thermoplastic, self-reinforced polypropylene (SRPP), on light metals, aluminum 2024-T3 and titanium Ti6Al4V, and fibers resistant to ballistic impact, Kevlar with Epoxy and UHMWPE (polyethylene of ultra high molecular weight) Dyneema HB26, the numerical analyzes are compared with practical experimental impact references to verify the results and properties of the materials. The impact simulations of the experiments for metamodeling and optimization are carried out at a speed of 355 m/s with a spherical projectile of 8.0 g, adapting to the NIJ Standard – 0101.06 (2008). framework so that all materials studied are placed under the same conditions of numerical experimentation. Numerical analyzes are performed with different combinations and order of materials in the structure of the panels so that the best panel models that meet the project objectives are evaluated through computational experiments and metamodels, the tested models have restrictions of the lowest permissible energy rate by 99.5% and maximum rear face offset by 44.00 mm. Through the design requirements and constraints, it is understood that optimal and safe panel models can be achieved, so the damage caused by the impact will not allow the projectile to pass through the structure, guaranteeing the safety of users, and with the results obtained by metamodels they can Optimal lightweight panel combinations have been developed with applications in the protection, automotive and aerospace industries.