Hungry and neoliberalism in Haiti. impact of liberalization of rice trade over the country's food sovereignty from the 1980's ahead.
Among the occidental countries, the Haiti is one of the poorest and, compared with the American countries, the Haiti is that has bigger hungry indices, differing from the region reality. Since this achieved bigger progress in relation to the decrease of malnutrition. Stem from this and presuming the hungry as a multidimensional problem, this work searched analyses one of the dimensions of these scourges. Starting from an assumption of not acceptation of the geographic determinism, in order not to classify the hungry as fatality, because of the intense climatic and geologic events that concern over the country, and that frequently are used as justifies for the background that is instituted, the research intended to analyzes the economic relations that interfere in the conquer of nutritional sovereignty. It’s about a research for the sovereignty that accompany the objective to ensure the own independence of the country that, since its revolution, has difficulties in trails its path in an autonomous way. With that, the imposition of neoliberal measures, mainly since from 1980 decade, impacted the nutritional production in Haiti, especially in the rice, which, from the reduction of customs duties, the subsidized north American rice passed to enter in Haitian market, competing with local product and discouraged the local production. Besides that, the questioning of the nutritional Haitian question pass through the nutritional help itself that, under backing of the concept of “nutritional security”, ignores the importance that food production has, contradicting the idea of sovereignty. The major hypotheses, that the neoliberalism impacted in a negative way the country nutritional sovereignty, is confirmed from primary and secondary sources, beside the bibliographic revision, which is observed the fact that a country with approximately 11 million of habitants sets up as second bigger market in north American rice. The work proposes some points, not only for the report and combat against the hungry in general, as too specifically in relation of Haiti.