Democracy, penal populism and punitivism in Brazil:
An content analysis (of hate speech) about the criminal person on Youtube
The present work studies the reflexes of punitivism in the consolidation of Democracy, from the perspective of Human Rights in Brazil after the military regime to the scenario of contemporary digitization. Tracing the trajectory of public security policies since redemocratization, the political-social components are raised up that seek to explain the advance of the conservative wave to the right and the consistent media and political use of hate narratives against people arrested who have committed crimes, culminating in in the massive election of parliamentarians aligned with punitive agendas and highly representative politicians, such as then President Jair Bolsonaro. In view of this context of rise of authoritarian-security, the process of choice of social enemies was observed, from the stigmatization and instrumentalization of moral panic, by penal populism, as an artifice to reinforce the symbolic representations of the criminal in the media. Faced with the platforming dynamics of life, in which Internet Social Networks have occupied a notable space in everyday life and established themselves as a central environment for socio-political discussion, this research concentrated efforts on identifying hate speeches about criminal people mobilized in the environment. online, especially in the YouTube comments. The discussion will start from the analysis of content in news related to the theme of public security, criminal justice and the prison system published by Jovem Pan, SBT News and UOL channels on this social network, through a methodology based on categorical content analysis (SAMPAIO; LYCARIÃO,2021) and statistical lexicographical appreciation combined with the Iramuteq software (RATINAUD, 2012).